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The
concept of a "trust" is unique to "common law" or English
speaking jurisdictions. Historically, it developed from
English laws of equity and sought to separate the creator of
the trust, known as the Settler, from specified real or
personal property usually for the benefit of future heirs and/or
to ensure that any future dispositions would be made in a
manner generally in keeping with the original intentions of
the Settler. Once the Settler has decided what property he
wishes to transfer to the hypothec trust (normally a complex
written document) he must decide upon its administrators, the
"Trustees". It is vital to understand that these must have
full autonomy to independently manage and control the
transferred property in favor of either known or unknown
beneficiaries or for a specific purpose. If full autonomy is
not granted then it could be claimed that the trust was not
settled and therefore, was not properly constituted. If this
happened then Settler would still be legally deemed the owner
of the trust assets - defeating the raison d'
être
behind the trust in the first place.
Its
statutory characteristics embody the common law principles
relating to trusts, including:
1.
Separation of the trust fund from the trustee's estate;
2. Title to the assets being vested in the trustee;
3. Fiduciary duties and powers of the trustee; and
4. Trustee accountability for the management and
administration of assets of the trust.
The "trust
property" can include anything which is capable of being
transferred such as land, money or shares including the shares
of offshore companies.
The
development of the modern trust has been proven without doubt
to be an effective instrument used by the offshore
practitioner in asset protection and financial planning in an
increasingly complex society where individuals have seen their
rights to financial privacy diminished year by year. One the
great benefits of a trust is that it distinguishes and
separates the legal possession of property, the legal interest
of that property and the equitable interest in property. The
legal title is vested in the trustee and the equitable
interest in the beneficiaries. It also enforces rights of use
and enjoyment of that property in addition to the preservation
of confidentiality. This makes the trust an extremely powerful,
flexible and sophisticated tool for asset protection, tax
strategies, and for both estate and investment planning,
especially when established offshore.
For
anyone wishing to protect their assets from future creditors
and retain a significant beneficial interest in those assets
should consider the many advantages of the offshore trust.
ELEMENTS OF
A TRUST
The Trust Document
- The Deed of Declaration or The Deed of Trust is a written
legal agreement, which details the duties and responsibilities
of the Trustees, the Beneficiaries names and lists the Trust
Properties.
The Settler or Grantor
- The person, corporation or other entities placing the
property into a trust. The Settler creates the trust, appoints
the trustees and determines who is to be the beneficiaries and
in what circumstance. Once the property has been transferred
into the trust the Settler must not have direct access or
control of those assets.
The Trustees -
The
individual, corporation, other trusts or other entities
legally appointed to receive the trust property to be managed
in accordance with the terms of the Trust Deed for the benefit
of the named beneficiaries. The obligation of the trustee is
legally enforceable and he must exercise his trust powers for
the benefit of the beneficiaries, and not put himself in a
position where his duties as a trustee conflict with his
personal interests.
The Beneficiaries -
The person, corporation, other trusts or other entities
entitled to the benefits of the property placed into the Trust.
Their interest in the Trust Property will vary and is subject
to the terms set out in the Trust Deed.
The Protector -
An additional party appointed to the trust where it is
considered that a guardian over the Trustee is needed. The
protector's powers are set out in the trust deed. Usually, for
any actions of the trustees in dealing with the assets of the
trust requires the protector's permission. The protector is
usually empowered to remove and appoint trustees. More than
one individual can be appointed to act as joint protectors.

THE USES OF
OFFSHORE TRUSTS
The
wealthy have used the trust approach for many years. There are
numerous ways to use an offshore trusts seriously and
effectively. It depends on your individual needs and your
situations. Some of the uses are:
·
As a tax-planning
tool
- Because the settler gives up legal ownership of the assets
it may be possible to avoid or defer capital or gift taxes,
death duties, high income tax rates, etc.
·
Asset
protection
- The risks
of holding assets in highly volatile and politically unstable
areas of the world (including the introduction of exchange
control regulations and the "freezing" of assets held in those
areas) can be avoided. It is essential that the trust is set
up when there were no claims or potential claims known to the
settler this would enable you to protect personal assets from
creditors, professional negligence, divorce settlement,
product liability and similar claims legally.
·
Substitutes
for a will
- Some
countries have punitive legislation dictating the manner of
wealth distribution on the death of the owner. If the legal
requirements conflict with the wishes of the owner of those
assets fixed succession or forced heir ship rules of those
countries can be avoided by the transfer assets into an
offshore trust.
·
Make a
secret provision
- Provision can be made, for example, for an out-of-wedlock
child, for charitable causes or even a lover.
·
To establish
a mutual (or Unit Trust) fund
-The trustee
can buy holdings in several companies and invite the public to
buy "units" or shares in the trust fund.
·
Preservation
of family wealth
- Assets can be set aside for the future benefit of family
members while restricting the beneficiaries' access, until
such a time that it is appropriate that those assets be
distributed. For example, when a child becomes of age to hold
title to property or to protect the assets from being
dissipated by a young wayward family member.
·
Confidentiality of financial affairs
- There is no requirement to register or record Trust Deeds
with any authorities in many offshore jurisdictions. Avoiding
any entry in the public records.
·
Avoiding
Probate -
If you are from a civil law country with forced heir ship
requirements, a trust can keep assets out of the local probate
system, since the trust and its assets are governed by the
laws of the country in which the trust is located. Trusts
especially if established for several years, is less likely to
be challenged legally compared to a will, which may be more
easily contested during probate. The trust is an obvious
defense to the charge of mental incompetence often used to
attack the validity of a will, especially ones written late in
life.
TYPES OF
TRUST
A pure
trust is one in which three parties of the trust, Settler,
First Trustee & Beneficiary are, in fact, three separate
entities. These three entities then become one entity in
itself through the creation of the trust. What makes this pure
trust such a powerful instrument is that it is written under
common law as a pure trust. There's no other structure that
exists which is more powerful and more flexible for personal
or business purposes, written under common law. Trust can be
divided into two main categories the, Fixed and Discretionary
Trusts, distinguished by the different ways in which the
trustee pays out the income of the trust to the beneficiaries.
Fixed Trusts
The trustee of a fixed trust must pay the income of the trust
(and ultimately distribute the capital) to the beneficiaries
named in the trust deed and in the exact proportions specified
in the trust deed. In other words, the trustee has no
discretion as to the amount of income that is paid away or to
whom it is paid. In such cases, the beneficiaries are said to
have an "interest in possession" and trusts granting such
interests are known as "Interest in Possession Trusts".
Discretionary Trusts
As the name suggests, the trustee is given certain
discretionary powers regarding the distribution and/or
allocation of the income (and ultimately the capital) to the
beneficiaries. When establishing a discretionary trust, the
settler decides exactly how wide the powers of the trustee
will be. These powers are set out in the trust deed. The
trustee can be given absolute discretion as to which
beneficiaries will benefit, to what extent and on what
occasions. This absolute discretion to appoint, at some future
time, beneficiaries not even named in the trust deed can be
very useful when establishing a trust structure providing
extra confidentiality.
Trusts
often contain a mixture of fixed and discretionary elements.
For example, a settler may wish to "fix" an income for his
widow but, on her death, give discretion to his trustee to
provide for his children, grandchildren, etc.
MAKING THE
OFFSHORE TRUST WORK FOR YOU
Families
who have amassed great fortunes have recognized that the
preservation of that fortune is more important than the
accumulation of such wealth. With the increased financial
risks, increased litigation and obscene jury verdicts in our
changing economic climate, even the most financially sound and
prudent executives has been convinced to turn to the old and
proven asset protection strategies of the wealthy, the use of
offshore trusts. With the development of tax havens the cost
of establishing a trust makes it affordable to everyone, not
just available for the rich and famous. You too can benefit
from a trust.
Being one
of the most flexible legal instruments available, the offshore
trust can be used for almost any purpose, which is considered
to be legal, or not against public policy. You can use it to
conceal personal assets. As an individual you need to
structure yourself legally and conduct personal and business
matters in a discreet and safe manner. It would be wise to
seek the guidance of an international asset protection
attorney and act early while your legal situation is still
stable, avoiding any complications later when you have amassed
your wealth. This will protect your assets legally from future
creditors or possible lawsuits. Remember, setting up a trust
after the fact will not work. Properly establishing an Asset
Protection Trust prior to any creditor claims will provide
your desired protection. Also use legal, existing tax laws to
structure your situation to take maximum advantage of the tax
laws. Begin amassing a huge portfolio by obtaining
significantly higher rates of return on your tax-free
investments, much higher than in USA, Canada or Europe.
Once you
have established your offshore trust it can be used to:
·
Conduct a
business;
·
Hold title
to and invest in real estate, cash, stocks, bonds, negotiable
instruments and all sorts of personal property;
·
Take care of
minors or the elderly;
·
Pay medical,
educational or other expenses;
·
Provide
financial support in retirement, marriage or divorce;
·
Assist in
the execution of a premarital agreement; and
·
Serve as a
major avenue of avoidance for the muddle of probate and the
burden of inheritance taxes.
In
addition your trust can also be used for your international
investment activities. Your offshore trustee would take care
of the investments and paper work, while you make the
recommendations. In this way, you benefit from the world's
best investment opportunities, without worrying about
boundaries or conflicting laws. With the use of a foreign
trust in an offshore jurisdiction you are able to diversify
your investments and assets international.
By
establishing a trust in one of the more popular offshore
jurisdictions you gain the added advantages of privacy,
confidentiality, and reduced domestic reporting requirements
in your home country, since the trust is the legal owner of
the assets and not you.
When
thinking about establishing an offshore trust there are number
things that you should take into consideration:
·
The laws
relating to confidentiality and privacy
·
Your present
tax and legal situation
·
Creditor
protection
·
Risk of
future tax changes
·
The mobility
of the trust
·
Offshore
reporting requirement
·
Government
interference
·
Political
and economic stability of the host country
·
The taxation
laws relating to your trust
·
Information
sharing treaties with other countries
·
Cost of
establishment
·
The host
country's enforcement of Trustee obligations.
Whatever
you wish to protect, your accumulated wealth from unforeseen
creditors, avoid probate on the disposal of assets at death,
avert the consequences of the future litigation, or to use a
component in your overall personal financial planning, the
asset protection trusts is a powerful tool which can assist in
achieving these goals. We would be delighted to assist in
establishing your offshore trust in your preferred
jurisdiction. Trusts can be established within minutes,
literally and assets can be settled after the trust is formed
and established within the jurisdiction of your choice.
Setting
up your Trusts & with Bank Account:
1.
You must first decide on the Trust Name.
2.
After careful consideration decide upon a suitable
jurisdiction
that will meet your objectives.
3.
Complete the
application form
email, fax or mail to us
together
with the appropriate remittance. Alternatively, you can fax
the application form and wire us the funds to giving the
reference as your Trust Name. We will acknowledge receipt of
your request within 3 working days.
4.
We will begin to establish your trust
once we have received cleared funds in our bank account.
Should
you also require our assistance opening an offshore trust
account, you must provide the following documents:
1.
Copy of Certificate of Registration.
(We will supply this document if it was
requested to establish the trust).
2.
Notarized copy of passport, Birth Certificate or
driver's license with photograph for each authorized signature
to the account.
3.
For each signature to the account a letter of reference
from their present bank or recognized investment institute
confirming their address, signature and that they have held
the account with the bank for three or more years.
4.
A current utility or phone bill confirming residential
address for each authorized signature to the account.
5.
Funds to deposit in the account (US$ 1,000.00 minimum
depending on the bank and account type).
We will supply all the relevant documentation required and
effect the introduction to the bank |